The first modern humans in Europe probably came from the Middle East via the shores of the Black Sea. Along the way they apparently mixed with migrants from northern Asia. In Europe, they met Neanderthals, a hominid species that had been living there for about 160,000 years. While we don't know whether or not the two species coexisted peacefully, we know they did not interbreed because their DNA markers are so different. And within just 10,000 years of the arrival of Homo sapiens, Neanderthals went extinct.
